Amyloidosis refers to a group of diseases characterised by the accumulation of an abnormal protein called amyloid which builds up in tissues and organs. Amyloidosis is a serious condition which can lead to life-threatening organ failures. It is considered a rare disease due to its low incidence.

There are several types of amyloid diseases. AL amyloidosis (also called light chain amyloidosis) is the most prevalent type, which accounts for more than three-quarters of amyloidosis cases, with an estimated incidence of nine cases per million inhabitants/year.  However, it is thought that misdiagnosis due to the clinical scenarios that mimic this condition may mean the true figure is higher.